On September 16, the FOMC will have a total of 12 voting members, and changing policy requires at least 7 votes. The July 29 vote resulted in 9 votes to maintain interest rates and 3 votes in favor of a rate hike, with dissenters being Harker, Kashkari, and Logan. After Waller turned hawkish at Jackson Hole, if Cook, who conditionally supports a rate hike, is included, the external "vote count model" shows 5 votes for a rate hike, 5 votes to maintain, and 2 votes unknown. However, this is merely an inferred stance and does not mean the five members have committed to voting for a rate hike. Waller and Powell have not yet made their positions clear. Waller is scheduled to publicly discuss the economy and policy on September 3, potentially becoming the next key swing vote. Those leaning toward maintaining interest rates include Williams, Barr, Jefferson, Bowman, and Paulson. Currently, CME's probability of a rate hike has risen to approximately 60%, but futures probabilities cannot mechanically correspond to the 5–5–2 vote count, as they also factor in expectations for employment, inflation data, and internal coordination during the meeting.