Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong pushed back on the idea that crypto companies should "pivot to AI," calling the advice a case of "zero sum, scarcity thinking" in a tweet.

Crypto is a general-purpose technology, he argued—"infrastructure, the same way electricity or the internet is"—that doesn't compete with the next big thing "because it underpins it." The AI "megatrend" doesn't detract from crypto, he said, arguing that it "makes crypto more important."

Armstrong is responding to a wave of crypto firms reorienting around AI, with Bitcoin miners shifting focus to AI infrastructure and digital asset treasury firms switching gears to AI as investment firms prioritize the emerging technology. Armstrong argued the two are complementary layers instead, with AI supplying the intelligence and crypto the money rails.



Rails for AI agents

His case rests on AI agents, which Armstrong said will need "their own financial infrastructure" and will eventually transact "far more per day than all humans combined." Unlike people, he noted, an agent can't open a bank account, wait three days for a wire, or reside in a single country—so it will need "real time programmable money," in the form of crypto, to hold funds and pay for things on its own.

From there, he sees agents trading, acting as financial advisors, and raising or borrowing money for their own projects, while taking over human chores like tax planning, portfolio rebalancing, and bill pay. Coinbase has leaned into the emerging "AiFi" category with its contributions to the x402 protocol and its own Base blockchain, while its USDC stablecoin already powers "the vast majority" of agentic payments, Armstrong said.

The pitch arrives after Coinbase leaned into AI itself. Earlier this year, the exchange cut 14% of its staff amid a crypto downturn, in a restructuring Armstrong cast as a drive to rebuild the company "lean, fast, and AI-native," with "AI at our core." Rather than choosing between the two, he framed AiFi as Coinbase doing both at once, using AI internally while building the crypto rails agents will transact on. Calling the moment an "inflection point" in an email sent to staff, he argued that the company was "adjusting early and deliberately to rebuild Coinbase."

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